How To Draw Water Surface Profile

Classification of Water Surface Profiles

The water surface profile within a culvert can be classified two different ways:

ane. Hydraulic Slope, which is based on the slope of the culvert lesser and

2.Hydraulic Curve , which is based on the human relationship of the h2o depth relative to critical depth and normal depth.

FishXing uses these classifications to determine the appropriate inlet and outlet boundary weather.

Hydraulic Gradient Classifications

The Hydraulic Gradient of a canal at a specific flow classifies the hydraulic government and defines the blazon of solution generated from the Gradually Varied Period calculations.

Hydraulic Slope is adamant from:

i. The culvert bottom slope (So) and

2. The human relationship between critical depth (y c ) and normal depth (yn) at a specific flow.

At that place are 5 slope classifications:

� Adverse (A) if So < 0  (slope is positive in the downstream management)

� Horizontal (H) if And then = 0

� Critical (C) if Yo = y c

� Mild (Chiliad) if So> 0 and y n > y c

� Steep (Southward) if So > 0 and yn < y c

For culverts with slopes > 0, the slope classifications alter equally flows alter.  Information technology is non uncommon for a canal to switch from being Mild Gradient to Steep Slope as flows increase.

Hydraulic Curve Classifications

Hydraulic Bend classifications are used to describe the shape of the water surface contour at a specific period. The curves are based on the Hydraulic Slope (A, H, C, M, or Due south) and the relative position of the actual flow depth to normal and disquisitional depth as designated past the numbers 1, 2, and iii.

� Blazon i curve: Depth is greater than y c and yn , menses is subcritical

� Blazon ii curve: Depth is between y c and yn , flow can be either subcritical or supercritical

� Type 3 curve: Depth is less than both y c and yn , catamenia is supercritical.

Since normal depth (yn ) is undefined for Horizontal and Adverse slopes, they but feel Type 2 and Type iii curves.

Note: Since FishXing does non model gradient breaks inside a culvert, therefore type iii curves do not occur inside the model.

Source: http://www.fsl.orst.edu/geowater/FX3/help/4_Calculations/Classification_of_Water_Surface_Profiles.htm

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